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1.
Rev. Méd. Clín. Condes ; 26(2): 217-222, mar. 2015.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: biblio-1128821

ABSTRACT

Estenosis aórtica (EA) es la enfermedad valvular más común referida para tratamiento quirúrgico. La ecocardiografía es el método de referencia para la evaluación de la severidad. La actual Guía Norteamericana define EA severa como un área valvular derivada por ecuación de continuidad (AVA) 1 cm2, área valvular indexada (Avaí) 0,6 cm2 / m2, gradiente medio de (MG) 40mmHg, y velocidad máxima (Vmax)> 4 m / s. La valoración ecocardiográfica de la EA es compleja, ya que depende de unas pocas mediciones críticas que son técnicamente demandantes, sujetas a errores y dependientes de metodologías de adquisición variable a través de las instituciones. Debe buscarse sistematización y estandarización de los enfoques metodológicos para las mediciones fundamentales de la válvula aórtica. Integrar la ecocardiografía con nuevas herramientas, como el score de calcio por CT y la RM tiene el potencial de hacer una plataforma más amplia para individualizar la severidad de la EA.


Aortic stenosis (AS) is the most common valvular disease referred for surgical treatment. Echocardiography is the state-of-the-art method of AS severity evaluation. Current US guidelines define severe AS as a continuity equation-derived valve area (AVA) 1 cm2, indexed valve area (AVAi) 0.6 cm2/m2, mean gradient (MG) 40mmHg, and peak velocity (Vmax) 4 m/s. Echocardiographic AS grading is complex since it relies on a few critical measurements that are technically demanding, subject to error and of variable acquisition methodology across institutions. Systematisationandstandardisationofmethodologicapproaches for fundamental echocardiographic aortic valve measurements must be sought. Integration of echocardiography with emerging independent tools such as CT valvular-calcium-load assessment and MRI has the potential of rendering a more comprehensive platform from which to individualise AS severity grading.


Subject(s)
Humans , Aortic Valve Stenosis/diagnostic imaging , Aortic Valve Stenosis/pathology , Severity of Illness Index , Echocardiography/methods , Tomography, X-Ray Computed , Imaging, Three-Dimensional
2.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 133(8): 947-952, ago. 2005. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-429230

ABSTRACT

Hyperkalemia is a complications of the use of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor antagonists and aldosterone antagonists. These drugs are commonly used for the treatment of hypertension and cardiac failure. We report a 84 year-old female treated with losartan 50 mg/day and spironolactone 25 mg/day that presented with a hyperkalemia of 8.4 mEq/l and bradicardia, drowsiness and respiratory depression. She required hemodialysis and ventilatory assistance. She was discharged in good conditions five days after admission.


Subject(s)
Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers/adverse effects , Antihypertensive Agents/adverse effects , Hyperkalemia/chemically induced , Losartan/adverse effects , Spironolactone/adverse effects , Hypertension/drug therapy , Severity of Illness Index
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